马钱子为马钱子科植物马钱的成熟种子,有大毒,一般需经砂烫、油炸、甘草水泡等炮制过程来降低毒性,便于粉碎和制剂。关于马钱子炮制去毒的原理,通常认为马钱子毒性大小与士的宁含量有关,通过加热处理减少士的宁的含量以降低其毒性。由于马钱子中起主要作用的成分又是士的宁,故有人建议按药典规定用量不加炮制,相应减少用量或生品粉碎后稀释使用。在教学中也常会遇到这类疑问。马钱子含总生物碱1.5～5%,其中主要是士的宁,约占总碱的35～50%,其次为马钱子碱,含量与士的宁大致相等;还有少量可鲁勃林,16-羟基可鲁勃林,伪番木鳖碱,番木鳖次碱等。马钱子碱的作用与士的 Strychnos nucifera is a mature seed of the Strychnoideaceae plant. It has large poisons and generally requires sanding, frying, licorice blisters, etc. to reduce the toxicity and to facilitate crushing and preparation. Regarding the principle of detoxification by the money, it is generally considered that the toxicity of Strychnine is related to the strychnine content, and the heat treatment reduces the strychnine content to reduce its toxicity. Because the ingredient that plays a major role in the Strychnine is strychnine, it has been suggested that dosages should not be concocted according to the Pharmacopoeia, and the amount should be reduced or the diluted product should be used after crushing. Often encountered in the teaching of such questions. Strychnos nudibranum contains 1.5-5% total alkaloids, mainly strychnine, accounting for 35-50% of total alkaloids, followed by strychnine, which is approximately equal to strychnine; Lin, 16-Hydroxy-Lubrin, pseudo-sranofurine, sapogenine, etc. The role of strychnine