首先阐述了票据抗辩的传统分类方法,并分析了将票据抗辩分为对人抗辩和对物抗辩的优缺点。从抗辩权产生的法律效果等角度将票据抗辩分为实体法意义上的抗辩和单纯程序法意义上的抗辩,以期为票据立法与司法实践提供多方面的理论参考。 Firstly, the traditional classification methods of counterfeit defense are expounded, and the advantages and disadvantages of dividing counterfeit defense into counterplea and countervailing countermeasures are analyzed. The paper divides the bill defense into the defenses in the substantive law sense and the pure procedural law defenses from the perspective of the legal effect arising from the defense right so as to provide various theoretical references for bill legislation and judicial practice.