所谓近代化,就是由传统的农业社会向现代社会转变的过程。它必将是引起社会生产力、经济制度、政治制度、思想文化乃至人们的生活方式、价值观念和思维方式等全方位变化的一场社会变革。其核心是经济的工业化和政治的民主化。毋庸置疑,鸦片战争前,中国长期实行闭关锁国的政策,在封建经济内部产生的资本主义生产关系, The so-called modernization is the process from the traditional agricultural society to the modern society. It will inevitably be a social change that will lead to all-round changes such as social productivity, economic system, political system, ideology and culture and even people’s way of life, values ​​and ways of thinking. Its core is economic industrialization and democratization of politics. Needless to say, before the Opium War, China’s long-standing policy of closing its door to lock-up, its capitalist relations of production within the feudal economy,