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针对华南地区大豆田杂草防除问题,采用种子库诱萌法和田间药效试验法,研究田间杂草种子库的预测方法,筛选最佳化学防除方案。结果表明:杂草种子库共有杂草7科10属,主要分布在0～10 cm的土层,总出草量为6 861株·m-2。田间实际出草种类为6科9属,实际出草量平均为208株·m-2,占土壤杂草种子库总量的3.03%;6种除草剂都具有良好的防除效果,其中7.5%禾阔灵乳油的防除效果最佳,能有效防除禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草以及阔叶杂草,药后45 d鲜重防效仍达到70.7%～72.4%,可使大豆增产20.5%～34.5%。
Aiming at the problem of weed control in soybean field in southern China, the method of seed bank inoculation and field efficacy test was used to study the prediction method of field weed seed bank, and the best chemical control program was screened out. The results showed that the weed seed bank shared 7 families and 10 genera, distributed mainly in 0 ~ 10 cm soil layer with a total yield of 6 861 plants · m-2. The actual grass-producing species in the field were 6 genera and 9 genera, and the actual yield was 208 plants · m-2, accounting for 3.03% of the total soil weed seed bank. Six herbicides had good control effects, of which 7.5% The herbicide Eradication Cream has the best control effect, and can effectively control weeds, sedge weeds and broad-leaved weeds. The control effect of fresh weight after 45 days of treatment is still at 70.7% -72.4%, which can increase the yield of soybean by 20.5% % ~ 34.5%.