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勃朗特姐妹的代表作《简·爱》和《呼啸山庄》,历来被看作是通过爱情自由来表现女性权利的经典之作。这一判断与自18世纪以来爱情被赋予更多诸如自由、平等、人格独立等启蒙内容有关,也与崇尚审美有关,因为二者所凭靠的哲学基础都是启蒙所张扬的理性主义。与审美崇尚理性不同,审丑更多关注人的非理性,如情感、欲望、意志、直觉、预感、潜意识等。审丑现象在勃朗特姐妹的两部作品中主要表现在如下四个方面:一是作品对主人公外貌之丑和蛮力的崇尚;二是对作者病态人格的潜在表现;三是对预感、梦幻等的大量描写;四是对自然的狞厉、环境的恐怖等的渲染和象征手法的运用。审丑现象的大量运用,不但增添了作品异样的艺术魅力,而且使我们看到了勃朗特姐妹爱情观中的非启蒙成分。
The bronze sisters’ masterpieces Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights have always been regarded as classic acts of expressing women’s rights through the freedom of love. This judgment is related to the enlightenment content such as freedom, equality and personal independence that love has given since the 18th century. It is also related to advocating aesthetics because the philosophical foundation on which both depend is the rationalism advocated by Enlightenment. Different from aesthetic advocating rationality, ugly people pay more attention to human irrationality such as emotion, desire, will, intuition, premonition, subconsciousness and so on. Appreciation of the ugly phenomenon in the Bronte sisters’ two works mainly in the following four aspects: First, the works of the protagonist appearance ugliness and brute force advocacy; second is the potential performance of the author’s pathological personality; third is the premonition, Dreams and so on a large number of description; Fourth, the nature of Li Li, the environment such as the rendering of horror and the use of symbolism. The extensive use of ugly phenomena not only adds to the unusual artistic charm of the works, but also enables us to see the non-enlightenment elements of the Bronte sisters’ view of love.