比较优势理论自提出以来,一直是世界各国进行国际贸易,获取经济利益,推行贸易自由化的核心理论,主流经济学将比较优势理论作为各国参与世界分工的理论基础。但是现实中一国在存在劳动力供给剩余的条件下按照比较优势理论却未取得经济的进步与增长,从而引发对该理论有效性的争论。本文试图在分析劳动供给剩余条件下比较优势理论对一国国际贸易的影响,提出在劳动供给剩余条件下,比较优势理论与一定的保护贸易存在某种内在的联系。 Since the proposal was made, comparative advantage theory has always been the core theory of international trade, economic benefits and trade liberalization in all countries in the world. The mainstream economics takes comparative advantage theory as the theoretical basis for participating in world division of labor. However, in reality, a country does not make economic progress and growth according to the theory of comparative advantage in the presence of surplus labor supply, thus triggering a debate on the validity of the theory. This paper tries to analyze the influence of the theory of comparative advantage on the international trade of a country under the condition of surplus labor supply and puts forward that there is some intrinsic connection between comparative advantage theory and certain protection trade under the condition of surplus labor supply.