内分泌腺及其激素在原发性或继发性高血压的发病机制上,都起着重要的影响。内分泌激素通过影响植物神经系统及肾素-血管紧张素—醛固酮系统,以及代谢异常而引起高血压。但在不同的内分泌疾病引起高血压的环节及不同激素引起的生理病理改变不一,因此,产生的高血压临床特症也不同。认识这些特点,对指导临床诊断和正确地制定抗高血压的治疗方案是有重要意义的。一、原发性醛固酮增多症(“原醛”) 高血压是“原醛”的最早表现,这是由于肾上腺皮质球状带腺瘤、癌肿或增生,自主地大量分泌醛固酮,使肾远曲小管回吸收钠、水增强,引起血容量明显增多所致。由于血容量增多,负反馈抑制了肾素、血管紧张素的分泌而降低。同时,肾远曲小管的K~+—Na~+交换增加,致尿排K~+过多, Endocrine glands and their hormones play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary or secondary hypertension. Endocrine hormones cause hypertension by affecting the autonomic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, as well as metabolic abnormalities. However, in different endocrine diseases caused by hypertension and different hormones caused by physiological and pathological changes, therefore, the clinical features of hypertension are also different. Understanding these characteristics is of great importance to guide the clinical diagnosis and correct development of antihypertensive treatment regimens. First, primary aldosteronism (“primary aldehyde”) Hypertension is the “original aldehyde” the earliest manifestation, which is due to adrenal globular adenoma, cancer or hyperplasia, large autocrine aldosterone, the kidney Yuanqu Small tube back to absorb sodium, water increased, causing a significant increase in blood volume due. As the blood volume increased, negative feedback inhibition of the secretion of renin and angiotensin decreased. At the same time, renal distal convoluted tubule K ~ + -Na ~ + exchange increased, causing urine row K ~ + too much,