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目的探讨制鞋业“三苯”对接触工人的职业危害,为采取防护措施保护工人身体健康提供依据。方法选择成都市龙泉驿区55家制鞋厂,测定工作场所空气中的“三苯”浓度,对“三苯”接触组与对照组工人进行体检,检查外周血血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)、血小板(PLT)、肝功能和心电图。结果 “三苯”接触组工人具有一定的神经系统症状和消化系统症状,外周血Hb、RBC、WBC、PLT,肝功能异常率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.1、35.2、37.9、8.4、11.4,均P<0.01)。结论制鞋行业存在较为严重的“三苯”职业卫生危害,应采取多种方法综合治理,以保障作业工人的身心健康。
Objective To explore the occupational hazards to workers exposed to the footwear industry and to provide the basis for taking protective measures to protect the health of workers. Methods Fifty-five shoe factories in Longquanyi District of Chengdu were selected to measure the concentration of triphenylene in the air of the workplace. The workers in the triphenyltetrazolium exposure group and the control group were inspected to examine the levels of hemoglobin (Hb) RBC, WBC, PLT, liver function and electrocardiogram. Results Compared with the control group, the workers in the “triphenyl” group had certain neurological symptoms and digestive symptoms. There were significant differences in Hb, RBC, WBC, PLT and liver function between the two groups (χ2 = 26.1, 35.2, 37.9, 8.4, 11.4, all P <0.01). Conclusion There is a serious occupational health hazard in the footwear industry. A variety of methods should be adopted to comprehensively control the occupational health hazards in order to protect the physical and mental health of workers.