货运量的不断增长,迫切要求增加货车数量和大力提高货车利用率。同时,随着运用强度的提高,也大大加快了故障积累的过程,因而必须经常地对车辆加以施修,而且这一过程随着车辆使用年限的延长而加剧。调查研究表明,在40年的运用中,棚车的摘车修理次数增加了5.59倍,最后一次段修的劳动量比第一次段修时增加了1.26倍,最后一次大修的劳动量比第一次大修时,增加了30％,平车则分别增加了5.62倍,1.04倍和 The growing volume of freight traffic urgently demands an increase in the number of trucks and a drastic increase in the utilization of trucks. At the same time, with the increase in the use of strength, but also greatly accelerated the process of accumulation of the fault, and therefore must be frequently to train the vehicle, and this process with the vehicle life expectancy increased exacerbated. Survey and study shows that in 40 years of use, box car pick-up repair times increased by 5.59 times the last paragraph of the repair work than the first paragraph repair increased by 1.26 times the last overhaul of labor than the first Minor repair, an increase of 30%, flat car was an increase of 5.62 times, 1.04 times and