“三问”考点分类突破

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  广东省高考英语 “听说合考”中“角色扮演”的“三问”主要考查一般疑问句和特殊疑问句,偶尔考过一次反义疑问句,至今尚未考查选择疑问句。
  该部分与是否听懂视频对话无关,只需懂得将汉语提示句译成英语即可。因此,考生只要掌握这些疑问句的基本结构和翻译技巧,就可比较容易地得分。笔者现将2011以来的“三问”考点分类总结如下,希望对高考备考的师生有所帮助。
  一、一般疑问句
  一般疑问句是每一套试题都要考查的考点,一般疑问句的结构:
  be/助动词/情态动词 主语 其他成分?
  1. 如果题目出现形容词/名词作表语,就用:Be动词(is/ are / am/ was/ were) 主语 其他成分?
  [真题例析] (2018年 B卷Q2)提问真的有那么难吗?
  翻译:Is it really very hard / that difficult to ask questions?
  即时练习:
  (1)(2016 年A卷Q3)年幼的孩子比年长的孩子更幸运吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2015年E卷Q1)你的家乡离这里远吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)(2013 年C卷Q3)体育运动是不是谈话中的常用话题?
  _________________________________________________
  2. 如果题目出现“可以,能,应该”等表示情感色彩的词,则用相应的情态动词:Can/ Could/ Should/Shall 主语 其他成分?
  [真题例析](2011 年B卷Q1)你能再多说点吗?
  翻译:Could /Can you please speak a little more?
  [即時练习]
  (1)(2011年 C卷Q2)你能说说英国人吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2013 年E卷Q1)我还要带其它衣服吗?
  _________________________________________________
  3. 实义动词则根据具体需要选用表示不同时态的助动词:Do/Does/Did/Have/Has 主语 其他成分?同时还要注意人称和数的变化。
  [真题例析1](2017年C卷Q2)这仅仅发生在童年吗?
  翻译:Does it only happen in our childhood?
  [真题例析2](2012年 E卷Q2)你在这一领域得过奖吗?
  翻译:Have you won any prizes in this field?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2015年A卷Q1)你做过这个话题的研究吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2013 年D卷Q3)你经常带工作回家吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)(2015年D卷Q2)我需要参加每一次的活动吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)(2017 年D卷Q2):现在有很多人以这种形式看病吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)(2015年G卷Q2):你们大学会给学生提供出国学习的机会吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (6)(2011 年A卷)Q1:James 像你一样热爱音乐吗?
  _________________________________________________
  4. There be结构的疑问式:Are/ Is/Was/Were there 主语 其他?
  [真题例析](2018年A卷Q2)睡眠好还有其他什么好处吗?
  翻译:Are there any other benefits of good sleep?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2018年D卷 Q3)这栋大楼里还有其他新设计吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2016 年D卷Q3)有什么成功的秘诀吗?
  _________________________________________________
  5. 否定式的一般疑问句:be动词/情态动词/助动词与not的缩略式 主语 其它?
  [真题例析](2014年E卷Q1)你不是说你想当一名语言教师吗?
  翻译:Didn’t you say you wanted to be/ become a language teacher? /Didn’t you say you wanted to work as a language teacher?   [即時练习]
  (2015年F卷Q2):穿同样的衣服不烦吗?
  _________________________________________________
  二、特殊疑问句
  特殊疑问句是每一套试题的必考点,特殊疑问句的结构有:
  1. 疑问词Who/What/Which/ When/ Where/How(不做主语) 一般疑问句?
  另外,还要注意疑问词how组成的短语 how often/ how much / how many / how long / how far等构成的疑问句。
  [真题例析1](2018年B卷Q3)我怎样加入俱乐部?
  翻译:How can I join the club?
  [真题例析2](2016 年E卷Q1)你从课程中学到了什么?
  翻译:What have you learned from the course?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2014年F卷Q1)你父母喜欢中国的什么呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2015年G卷Q1)大学课程是怎样安排的?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)(2018年E卷Q2)为什么这么多家庭加入了这个项目?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)(2017年E卷Q1)你什么时候开始对丝绸历史感兴趣的?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)(2015年E卷Q3)你现在更喜欢在哪儿过春节呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (6)(2014年B卷Q3)他们的子女多久来看望他们一次?
  _________________________________________________
  (7)(2012 年D卷Q1)我一次可以借几本书呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (8)(2012 年D卷Q2)我可以借多长时间呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (9)(2013 年F卷Q1)我怎样才能留下良好的印象呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (10)(2013 年B卷Q3)作为领导,我应该怎样对待团队成员呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (11)(2011 年D卷Q2)我还需要注意什么吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (12)(2014年D卷Q1)你们家是什么时候开始养导盲犬的?
  _________________________________________________
  2. 疑问词Who/What/Which(做主语) 谓语 其他成分?
  [真题例析1](2014年B卷Q2)谁支付他们在这里的生活费用?
  翻译:Who pays for their living expenses here?/ Who pays them for the living expenses here?
  [真题例析2](2013 年C卷Q2)哪些体育运动在英国最流行?
  翻译:What are the most popular sports in Britain/ England?
  此外,还有:What/Which(做定语) 名词 谓语 其他?
  [真题例析3](2015年C卷Q3)好老师有什么特点?
  翻译:What characteristics /features do good teachers have/possess?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2011 年A卷Q3)谁给你们的影响最大?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2014年A卷Q2)什么颜色对顾客更具吸引力?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)(2015年G卷Q3)你们大学哪个系最好?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)(2018年D卷Q2)让你印象最深刻的设计是什么?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)(2017年C卷Q3)你有什么建议给家长呢?
  _________________________________________________   3. 疑问词(做表语) 系动词 主语?
  (1)(2017 年D卷Q3)网络医生看病的弊端是什么?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2017年E卷Q3)丝绸工业的现状是什么?
  _________________________________________________
  4. 疑问词 否定式的一般疑问句?
  [真题例析](2012年 A卷Q2)为什么你不直接与他们谈一谈?
  翻译:Why don’t you have a talk directly with them?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2012 年B卷Q1)我为什么不能与朋友们一起开车?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2014年F卷Q2)为什么你不买些京剧DVD作为礼物?
  _________________________________________________
  三、复杂疑问句
  1. 含宾语从句的问句:一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 宾语从句?
  [真题例析1](2015年C卷Q2)你认为每个人都可以被培训成好老师吗?
  翻译:Do you think that everyone can be trained to be /become a good teacher?/ Do you think that everyone can be trained as a good teacher?
  [真题例析2](2018 年C卷Q3)我怎么知道在我的公司该穿什么?
  翻译:How can I know what I should wear in my company? /How can I know what to wear in my company?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2016年 B卷Q2)你认为体育活动将是一样的吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2018年A卷Q3)那意味着我们应该多睡觉吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)(2018年C卷Q2)那意味着我可以穿任何衣服吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)(2017年B卷Q1)你认为机器人有一天会取代人类吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)(2016 年E卷Q2)你怎么知道女性在学习语言方面做得更好?
  _________________________________________________
  2. 一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 不定式做状语/状语从句?
  翻译时把疑问句放在开头,状语从句放在后面。
  [真题例析1](2018年E卷Q3)他们怎么做才能改变这种情况?
  翻译:What can they do to change the situation?
  [真题例析2](2017年B卷Q3)如果我们被机器人取代了该怎么办?
  翻译:What can we do if robots take place of us?/ What should we do if we are replaced by robots?
  [即時练习]
  (1)(2016 年D卷)Q1:你做什么让观众大笑?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2015年A卷)Q2:人们一般做些什么来减少压力呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)(2016年B卷)Q1:你12岁时,学校是怎样的?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)(2015年F卷)Q3:你小时候穿校服吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)(2012年D卷)Q3:我如果还书晚了会怎么样?
  _________________________________________________
  (6)(2013年E卷)Q3:我去别人家吃饭时,我要带些什么?
  _________________________________________________
  3. 一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 不定式或介词短语作定语/定语从句?
  翻译时先理出主干部分,把定语放在被修饰词之后。
  [真题例析1](2016年C卷Q3)学生们喜欢这种交作业的方式吗?
  翻译:Did the students like the way to submit/ hand in assignments/ homework?/ Did the students like the way of submitting /handing in homework/ assignments?   [真题例析2](2014年D卷Q3)你在街上见到过你们训练的狗吗?
  翻译:Did you see the dogs(that)you trained in the street?/ Have you seen the dogs(that)you trained before on the road?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2015年B卷Q1)什么是改变坏情绪最有用的方法?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2015年G卷Q2)你们大学会给学生提供出国学习的机会吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (3) (2014年D卷Q2)你有很多空闲时间旅游吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)(2013 年F卷Q2)我应该知道的是下一个重要事情是什么?
  _________________________________________________
  4. 疑问词 do you think/consider/ suppose等插入语 其它部分?
  [真题例析](2013年B卷Q2):你认为什么时候召集开会最好呢?
  翻译:What time do you think is the best to call them for a meeting? / When do you think is the best to call a meeting?
  [即时练习]
  (1)(2012年 C卷Q2)为什么你认为情节难以相信?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)(2014年E卷Q3)为什么你认为自己能成为语言教师?
  _________________________________________________
  四、反意疑问句
  从2011年开始有听说考试以来,反意疑问句只考过一次,其结构有:
  1. 陈述句部分肯定式 疑问部分否定式?
  2. 陈述句部分否定式 疑问部分肯定式?
  两部分的人称和时态要保持一致。
  [真题例析](2011年 E Q3)英国人不太在乎穿什么衣服,对吗?
  翻译:The British people care little about clothes, do they?/ The British people don’t care about clothes, do they?
  [即时练习]
  (1)你会参加这个周末的派对,是吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)你和你的室友相处得不好,是吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)很多人在那年的地震中丧生,对吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)那个小女孩给你们留下了很深刻的印象,对吗?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)你们还没有解决老人的健康问题,是吗?
  _________________________________________________
  五、选择疑问句
  选择疑问句是指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的问句。其结构为:
  1. 一般疑问句 or 其他成分?
  2. 特殊疑问句 or 其他成分?
  尽管到目前为止,高考听说合考还没有考选择疑问句,但考生们仍需掌握这种疑问句。
  [即时练习]
  (1)你喜欢在学校穿校服还是穿你喜欢的衣服呢?
  _________________________________________________
  (2)人們喜欢找在医院上班的医生看病还是找网络医生看病?
  _________________________________________________
  (3)他是对历史感兴趣还是对科学感兴趣?
  _________________________________________________
  (4)我们什么时候动身去广州城,早上还是中午?
  _________________________________________________
  (5)他打算怎样去那个主题公园,坐地铁去还是坐公共汽车去?
  _________________________________________________
  (6)你喜欢喝哪个,茶还是咖啡?
  _________________________________________________
  参考译文
  一、一般疑问句   1. Be 主语 其他成分?
  (1)Are younger children luckier /more fortunate than the elder children?(be 形容词比较级)
  (2)Is your hometown far from here?(be 形容词)
  (3)Is sports a common topic in conversation?(be 名詞)
  2. 情态动词 主语 其他成分?
  (1)Can you talk about English people?(情态动词)
  (2)Shall I take other clothes?
  3. 助动词 主语 其他成分?
  (1)Have you done the research /survey about the topic? /Have you researched /studied the topic?
  (2)Do you often bring /take work home?
  (3)Do I need to attend /take part in /participate in/join in every activity?/
  (4)Do many people see/visit their doctors in this way nowadays/these days?
  (5)Does your university /college offer/ give the students a chance to study abroad?/ Does your university provide the students with a chance to study abroad?
  (6)Does James like music as much as you?
  4. Be there 主语 其他成分?
  (1)Are there any other new designs in this building?
  (2)Are there any secrets to success?
  5. 情态动词/助动词/be的否定式 主语 其他成分?
  Isn’t it boring to wear the same clothes?/ Isn’t wearing the same clothes boring?/ Don’t you feel bored to wear the same clothes?
  二、特殊疑问句
  1. 疑问词(不做主语) 一般疑问句?
  (1)What do your parents like about China? /What are your parents fond of about China?
  (2)How are the university/ college classes /courses arranged?/ How are the classes /courses arranged in university?
  (3)Why did so many families join the project?
  (4)When did you begin to be interested in silk history?/ When did silk history start to attract your attention?
  (5)Where do you prefer to spend the Spring Festival?/ Where do you like more to spend the Spring Festival?
  (6)How often do their children come to see /visit them?
  (7)How many books can I borrow at one time?
  (8)How long can I keep the books?
  (9)How can I leave /make a good impression?
  (10)How should I treat my teammates as a leader /monitor?
  (11)What else should I pay attention to?
  (12)When did your family begin/ start to raise dogs for the blind? / When did your family start /begin raising dogs for the blind?
  2. 疑问词(做主语或主语的定语) 谓语 其他成分)?
  (1)Who influenced/affected you most?/Who had the biggest effect/ influence on you?
  (2)What color is more attractive to customers? /What color can attract customers more?/ What color can attract /draw people’s attention more?   (3)Which department is the best in your university /college? / Which is the best department in your university /college?
  (4)What design impressed you most?
  (5)What suggestions do you have for parents?
  3. 疑问句词 系动词 表语?
  (1)What are the problems /disadvantages of seeing an e-doctor?
  (2)What is the present condition/ situation of the silk industry?
  4. 疑問词 否定式的一般疑问句?
  (1)Why can’t I drive with my friends?
  (2)Why don’t you buy some Beijing Opera DVDs as gifts?/ Why not purchase some Beijing Opera DVDs as presents?
  三、复杂疑问句
  1. 含宾语从句的问句
  (1)Do you think that sports will be the same?
  (2)Does that mean we should sleep more?
  (3)Does that mean we can wear any clothes?
  (4)Do you think that robots will replace humans one day?
  (5)How do you know that women can do better in learning languages?
  2. 一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 不定式做状语/状语从句?
  (1)What do you do to make / have the audience laugh?
  (2)What do people often/ usually do to reduce/relieve stress/ pressure?
  (3)What was the school like when you were twelve?
  (4)Did you wear school uniforms when you were young/ when you were a kid /a child?
  (5)What will happen if I return the books late?
  (6)What shall I take when I go to others’ to have meals / for dinner?/ What should I take if I am invited to others’ for dinner?
  3. 一般疑问句/特殊疑问句 不定式或介词短语做定语/定语从句?
  (1)What is the most useful /effective way to change a bad mood?
  (2)Does your university /college offer/ give the students a chance to study abroad?/ Does your university provide the students with a chance to study abroad?
  (3)Did you have a lot of free/spare time for travelling? / Did you have plenty of time to travel?
  (4)What is the next important thing(that/which)I should know/ be aware of?
  4. 疑问词 do you think/consider/ suppose等插入语 其它部分?
  (1)Why do you think the plot is hard to believe/ unbelievable?
  (2)Why do you think you can become /be a language teacher?
  四、反意疑问句
  (1)You are going to the party this weekend, aren’t you? / You will go to the party this weekend, won’t you?
  (2)You don’t get along well with your roommate, do you?
  (3)Many people were killed in the earthquake that year, weren’t they?/ Many people lost their lives in the earthquake that year, didn’t they?
  (4)The little girl left a strong impression on you, didn’t she?
  (5)You haven’t solved old people’s health problem, have you?
  五、选择疑问句
  (1)Do you like wearing school uniforms or clothes you like in school?
  (2)Do people prefer to see doctors in the hospital or e-doctors?
  (3)Is he interested in history or science?
  (4)When shall we leave for the city of Guangzhou, in the morning or in the afternoon?
  (5)How is he going to the theme park, by underground or by bus?
  (6)Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?
  责任编辑 蒋小青
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松子,又名海松子、松子仁、新罗松子等。是松科植物红松的种子,以个大、饱满、皮光泽、无杂质者为佳。我国东北、西北、西南地区均有出产,以吉林长白山区产量最多。
本论文从跨文化管理理论出发,在分析显性文化.制度文化、价值观和劳动人事方面差异给中外合资饭店经营管理带来难题基础上提出跨文化管理对策,成立高素质跨文化管理团队和饭店行