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目的探讨婴儿非胃肠道择期手术全麻前最佳的禁饮食时间。方法 将240例婴儿随机分为A、B、C、D四组,分别禁奶6、5、4、3 h,禁水4、3、2、1 h;观察各组婴儿术前哭闹时间、血糖值、体温、胃内潴留液量及脱水情况。结果四组婴儿术前哭闹时间、血糖值、体温、胃内潴留液量比较,差异均有显著性意义(均P<0.01)。哭闹时间A组显著长于其他三组(均P<0.01),C、D组显著短于A、B组(均P<0.01);血糖值均在正常范围;体温A、B组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),显著高于C、D组(均P<0.01),C、D组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);胃内潴留液量D组显著多于其他三组(均P<0.01);脱水A、B组分别发生18、15例,两组比较,差异无显著性意义,C、D组未发生脱水。结论 C组所采用的非胃肠道术前禁饮食时间(禁奶4 h,禁水2 h),既能保证术前胃排空,又可避免因禁饮食时间过长对机体造成不必要的生理代谢紊乱。
Objective To investigate the optimal non-gastrointestinal elective surgery before anesthesia forbidden to eat the best time. Methods 240 infants were randomly divided into four groups: A, B, C, D, for 6, 5, 4 and 3 hours, respectively, for 4, 3, 2 and 1 hours. The preoperative crying time , Blood glucose, body temperature, retention of fluid in the stomach and dehydration. Results The preoperative crying time, blood glucose level, body temperature and intragastric retention fluid volume in four groups were significantly different (all P <0.01). Crying time was significantly longer in group A than in the other three groups (all P <0.01), while in groups C and D was significantly shorter than those in groups A and B (all P <0.01); blood glucose was in the normal range; (P> 0.05), but significantly higher in group C and D (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between group C and D (P> 0.05) (All P <0.01). There were 18 and 15 cases of dehydration in groups A and B, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. No dehydration occurred in groups C and D. Conclusion The non-gastrointestinal (GI) preoperative forbidden diet in group C (4 h of breast-feeding and 2-year of extubation) can not only ensure the preoperative gastric emptying but also avoid the need of unnecessary forbidding diet Physiological metabolic disorders.