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目的探讨甲醛对职业人群呼吸系统的影响。方法对72名接触甲醛1年以上的工人(接触组)及不接触甲醛的工人(对照组)95人进行呼吸道刺激症状及嗅功能的检测。结果甲醛接触组鼻痒、流涕、打喷嚏、咽痒、咳嗽等呼吸道刺激症状发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05),且发生率与工龄相关。工龄>5年的调查对象中,接触组的嗅功能显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论甲醛对职业接触人群的呼吸道会产生危害,产生危害的严重度与接触甲醛的工龄相关。
Objective To investigate the influence of formaldehyde on respiratory system in occupational population. Methods 72 workers exposed to formaldehyde for more than 1 year (contact group) and non-formaldehyde workers (control group) 95 people were tested for respiratory irritation and olfactory function. Results The incidence of nasal itching, runny nose, sneezing, pharyngitis and cough were higher in the formaldehyde exposure group than in the control group (P <0.05), and the incidence was related to length of service. Olfactory function of the contact group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions Formaldehyde may cause harm to the respiratory tract of occupationally exposed people. The severity of the hazard is related to the length of service exposure to formaldehyde.