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《怎么办?》一书的出版是列宁为建立一个新型无产阶级革命政党所迈出的重要的一步。列宁批判了经济派对工人运动自发性的盲目崇拜,强调马克思主义的高度自觉性对党领导的革命事业胜利的重要性。正是这个对马克思主义具有高度自觉性的党,胜利开拓了社会主义的“东方道路”。“东方道路”开拓的决定性一步是新型民主革命路线的确定。新型民主革命的“新”就在于无产阶级对民主革命的领导权,它的合理性深藏于时代的和东方的实际之中。“东方道路”100年曲折发展的历史,使我们更深刻地认识到,党对马克思主义的自觉性,在向社会主义过渡的阶段里,具有特殊的重要性。
“What to do?” The publication of Lenin’s book is an important step toward establishing a new type of proletarian revolutionary party. Lenin criticized the spontaneous blind worship of the workers’ movement by the economic parties and emphasized the importance of the high degree of self-consciousness of Marxism in the triumph of the revolutionary cause led by the party. It is precisely this party with a high degree of awareness of Marxism that has victoriously opened up the socialist “road to the East.” The decisive step in opening up the “road to the east” is the determination of the new democratic revolutionary line. The “new” of the new democratic revolution lies in the proletariat’s leadership of the democratic revolution. Its rationality lies deep in the era and in the East’s reality. The history of the twists and turns of the “oriental road” for 100 years has enabled us to realize more deeply that the party’s consciousness of Marxism is of special importance in the transition to socialism.