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采用浇铸成型工艺制备含0.5 wt%,长度分别为1 mm、3 mm、5 mm的短切玻璃纤维/环氧树脂(GF/EP)复合材料,研究含活性酚羟基和不含酚羟基的两种聚酰亚胺(PI)处理GF表面对纤维束拉伸强度及GF/EP复合材料力学性能的影响,并进一步研究PI处理GF对复合材料热性能的影响。研究结果表明,经过PI处理的GF,集束性和拉伸强度提高了。含活性酚羟基聚酰亚胺(PI1)处理的GF拉伸强度由原丝束的517 MPa提高到1032 MPa,不含酚羟基聚酰亚胺(PI2)处理的GF提高到986 MPa。当PI1处理的GF长度为3 mm时,GF/EP复合材料的力学性能最好,拉伸强度比未处理的提高23.62%,拉伸模量提高34.03%,弯曲强度提高28.74%,断裂韧性提高13.04%;PI2处理的GF,GF/EP复合材料拉伸强度提高15.87%,拉伸模量提高23.70%,弯曲强度提高14.11%,断裂韧性提高4.05%。此外,PI处理GF对GF/EP复合材料热性能也有一定程度的提高。
The chopped glass fiber / epoxy resin (GF / EP) composites containing 0.5 wt% and length of 1 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm were respectively prepared by casting process. The effects of surface treatment of polyimide (PI) on the tensile strength of fiber bundles and the mechanical properties of GF / EP composites were investigated. The effects of PI treatment on the thermal properties of composites were also investigated. The results show that, after the PI treatment of GF, bundling and tensile strength increased. The tensile strength of GF treated with active phenolic hydroxyl polyimide (PI1) increased from 517 MPa to 1032 MPa of the original tow, and the GF without phenolic hydroxyl polyimide (PI2) increased to 986 MPa. The mechanical properties of GF / EP composites were the best when the GF length of PI1 was 3 mm, the tensile strength was 23.62% higher than untreated, the tensile modulus was increased 34.03%, the flexural strength was increased 28.74% and the fracture toughness was improved 13.04%. The tensile strength of PI and GF / EP composites increased by 15.87%, tensile modulus increased by 23.70%, flexural strength increased by 14.11% and fracture toughness increased by 4.05%. In addition, PI treatment of GF GF / EP composite thermal properties also have some degree of improvement.