1.引言普通结构的井式炉需要一台相当大的手工操纵的加料装置,以完成装料、卸料、工艺操作又淬火冷却。这样,不仅人工费用高。而且还存在着在转移过程中,炉料受气氛的影响、产生热辐射和存在着火危险等缺点。气氛将影响炉料冷却,表面发生氧化和脱碳。热辐射与着火的危险还大大地恶化了热处理车间的劳动条件。当在油中冷却吋,由 1. INTRODUCTION A well-structured pit furnace requires a relatively large manually-operated charging device to perform the charging, discharging, process operations and quench cooling. In this way, not only labor costs are high. But also exist in the transfer process, the charge affected by the atmosphere, resulting in heat radiation and the existence of fire hazards and other shortcomings. Atmosphere will affect the charge cooling, the surface oxidation and decarbonization. The danger of heat radiation and ignition also greatly deteriorates the working conditions of the heat treatment plant. When cooling in oil, by