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随着新一轮集体林权制度改革的推进,全国主要集体林区已基本完成承包到户的改革任务。林改后的集体林地承包经营实践中还存在着林地经济效益受阻、生态公益关注不够和林地资源浪费等问题。林地承包立法针对性差,林地资源使用标准欠缺、林地流转制度不完善等林地承包经营制度的缺陷,无疑是产生这些问题的重要制度原因。林地的特殊属性以及特定的时代背景决定了林地承包经营需要制度创新。修改《中华人民共和国农村土地承包法》、制定林地利用标准和规划,强化林地承包经营中的生态责任,赋予发包方承包地收回权,完善集体林权流转制度,是既发挥林地经济效益,又有效保护生态公益的重要举措。
With the reform of the new round of collective forest tenure rights system, the major collective forest areas throughout the country have basically completed the task of carrying out the contract-to-household reform. In the practice of contractual management of collective forest after the forest reform, there are still some problems such as the hindered of the economic benefits of forest land, the insufficient attention of ecological public welfare and the waste of woodland resources. The defects of the contracted management system of forest land, such as the poor pertinence of the contracted and contracted forestland, the lack of standard of forestland resource use, the imperfect system of the forestland transfer, are the important institutional causes of these problems. The special attributes of woodland and the specific background of the times determine the need for institutional innovation in the management of forest land contracting. Amendment “The People’s Republic of China Rural Land Contract Law,” the development of forest land use standards and planning, strengthen the ecological responsibility of woodland contracted management, give the contractor the right to reclaim contract, improve collective forest right transfer system, is not only give full play to the economic benefits of woodland, and Effective protection of ecological public important move.