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宋初行集权之治,以致政局积弊横生,社会危机四伏。时“以天下为己任”的士大夫们纷纷思考救国之路,尤以托古改制之风为盛。张载便是其中的代表人物之一。本文以张载有关“封建”的论述为中心,具体考察其治世思想。张载借古之封建为蓝本,以宗法为保障,推行井田,希冀成就大同世界。但张载之治世思想,与统治者治国理念背道而驰,与当朝现实存在历史差距,故而障碍重重,终流于言说。
In the early Song Dynasty, the rule of centralization of power resulted in many political and economic problems. At the time, “the world’s own responsibility ” Taxi doctors have thought about saving the country, especially in the style of reform Tuogu Sheng. Zhang Zai is one of the representatives. This article centers on Zhang Zai’s account of “feudal ”, and specifically examines the thought of governing the world. Zhang Zai borrowed ancient feudalism as the blueprint, with the patriarchal clan as its guarantee, and implemented the Ida, hoping to achieve success in the world. However, Zhang Zaizhi’s thinking on managing the world is contrary to the concept of running the country by rulers and has a historical gap with the reality of the present. Therefore, there are many obstacles and they finally talk in words.