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天然橡胶纳米复合材料是通过天然橡胶与有机改性的硅酸盐熔融复合制备的。该研究亦对比使用了未有机化的原始层状硅酸盐和非层状硅酸盐(EIC)。所用的层状硅酸盐是钠皂土(BNT);而所用的有机粘土则是以十八烷基铵类改性的蒙脱土(MMT-ODA)和以甲基牛脂基双(2-羟乙基)季铵类改性的蒙脱土(MMT-TMDA)。采用加有促进剂的硫黄硫化体系进行硫化。借助X-射线衍射和透射电子显微镜研究这些硅酸盐的分散。加入有机粘土的纳米复合材料显示出较快的硫化速度和提高了的物理机械性能。复合材料的物理机械性能提高度按如下顺序排列:MMT-ODA>MMT-TMDA>EIC>BNT。这种性能的提高归因于有机硅酸盐的插层/剥离,而硅酸盐的插层/剥离行为又是因其层内间距较大所致。
Natural rubber nanocomposites are produced by melt compounding natural rubber with organically modified silicates. The study also used unorganized virgin phyllosilicates and non-phyllosilicates (EICs). The layered silicate used is sodium bentonite (BNT); while the organoclay used is octadecylammonium modified montmorillonite (MMT-ODA) and methyl tallow based bis (2- Hydroxyethyl) quaternary ammonium modified montmorillonite (MMT-TMDA). Sulfurized with a sulfur vulcanization system with accelerator. The dispersion of these silicates was investigated by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Nanocomposites incorporating organoclays show faster cure rates and improved physical and mechanical properties. The physical and mechanical properties of composites were ranked as follows: MMT-ODA> MMT-TMDA> EIC> BNT. This performance improvement is attributed to the intercalation / delamination of the silicates, which in turn is due to the greater interlaminar spacing.