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目的对肘前内侧血管神经等相关结构进行解剖研究,为肘关节相关手术提供更佳的手术入路。方法福尔马林防腐动脉灌注红色乳胶成人尸体上肢标本20侧,按层次解剖,从肱桡肌及旋前圆肌间隙进入,通过正中神经与肱、尺动脉之间的血管神经间隙,显露肘前侧解剖结构。观察肱动脉、桡动脉和尺动脉向内、外侧的分支,测量分支到桡、尺动脉分叉处的距离,分支管径;观察正中神经及分支走行情况,测量神经与血管伴行无相互交叉分支距离。结果血管神经无互相交叉分支伴行长度平均为6.04 cm,两者之间无重要分支相交叉,易于向两侧分开,能够清楚地提供肘关节相应部位的暴露。动脉向内侧分支较向外侧分支少且细,易于向外侧牵拉。神经肌支,基本上向内侧发出,以极小的锐角从主干发出,几乎与主干平行,易于向内侧牵拉。结论肘前内侧血管神经间隙入路,可保护血管神经,能清楚显露肘关节前侧解剖结构,易于操作。
Objective To anatomize the anatomy of medial anterior elbow nerves and other related structures to provide a better surgical approach for elbow-related surgery. Methods Formalin anticoagulant arterial infusion of red latex 20 adult adult upper extremity specimens, according to the level of anatomy, from the brachioradialis and pronator gyrus muscle into the gap, through the median nerve and the brachial and ulnar artery between the vascular nerve space, reveal elbows Anterior anatomy. The brachial artery, radial artery and ulnar artery were observed in the medial and lateral branches, the branch to radial and ulnar artery bifurcation at the distance, branch diameter; observed the median nerve and branch walking situation, measurement of nerve and blood vessels without cross-line Branch distance. Results The mean length of intercovertebral vessels was 6.04 cm. There was no significant intercourse between the two vessels. It was easy to separate to the two sides and could clearly provide the corresponding parts of the elbow. Arteries to the medial branch than the lateral branch less and thin, easy to pull to the outside. The musculocutaneous branch, which is essentially sent inwardly, emanates from the trunk with a very small acute angle, is almost parallel to the trunk and tends to pull inward. Conclusion The anterior approach to the medial vasculature of the elbow can protect the vascular nerves, and the anterior anatomical structure of the elbow can be clearly revealed, making it easy to operate.