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采用地质调查、理论分析、数值模拟与工业性试验等方法,研究了弱面影响下深部倾斜岩层巷道变形特征。该类巷道非均称失稳机制主要包括弱面层间剪切破坏机制、高应力软岩扩容机制与弱面围岩失稳诱发机制。围岩首先沿弱面破坏,弱面层间剪切滑移变形引发邻近围岩破坏区扩展,局部围岩失稳加剧其他部位变形破坏,诱发巷道整体灾变失稳。弱面对巷道失稳起着诱导作用,维护巷道稳定的关键在于控制弱面层间剪切变形与弱面围岩失稳后软岩区域峰后承载阶段的持续变形。基于高强度高预应力控制原则、非均称控制原则与全断面控制原则,开发了以强力支护、弱面围岩加强支护、控制底鼓和二次支护为核心的分阶段动态控制技术,通过强化弱面及围岩整体强度与承载能力,控制巷道非均称变形,保持巷道长期稳定。
Geological survey, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and industrial test methods are used to study the deformation characteristics of roadway in deep inclined rock under the influence of weak surface. The non-symmetrical instability of this kind of roadway mainly includes the mechanism of shear failure between weak facings, the mechanism of expansion of high-stress soft rock and the instability-induced mechanism of weak rock. Firstly, the surrounding rock is firstly damaged along the weak plane and the shear-slip deformation between the weak planes leads to the expansion of the surrounding rock failure zone. The local surrounding rock instability aggravates the deformation and failure of other parts and induces the overall disaster of the roadway. The weak face plays an inducing role in the roadway instability. The key to maintaining the roadway stability is to control the continuous deformation of the soft rock area after the post-peak load stage after the shear deformation of the weak face and the weak face rock instability. Based on the principle of high strength and high prestress control, non-uniform control principle and full-face control principle, the staged dynamic control with strong support and weak surface surrounding rock reinforcement support, control bottom drum and secondary support as the core Technology, by strengthening the overall strength and carrying capacity of weak and surrounding rock, controlling the non-uniform deformation of the roadway to maintain the long-term stability of the roadway.