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本文根据考古学14C年代数据和考古遗存情况,结合高分辨率的地层和古气候研究资料,分析了河北及京津地区早中全新世文化的时空分布格局以及影响遗址分布的地貌和气候因素。该地区早中全新世文化时间序列为:早期新石器时代文化(10,000~8,800 yr BP)、新石器早中期之间的文化缺环(约8,800~7,300 yr BP)、7,300~6,500yr BP的磁山.兴隆洼.北福地一期三大文化系统并立发展时期以及6,500~6,000 yr BP的前仰韶文化时期。文化序列与气候序列对比发现:文化发展很大程度上受到气候条件的制约。从文化分布空间来看,具有如下特征:首先,早中全新世时期的文化分布在与当时海岸线平行的弧形地带上,这种分布格局与气候和地貌条件有关。在排除了地势高亢和海侵影响地区后,太行山东麓到古海岸线之间的弧形地带成为最佳选择。其次,从遗址分布高度来看,当时人仍居住在较高地貌面上,海侵及众多湖沼阻止了人类向东部平原腹地迈进的步伐。
Based on the data of 14C archeology and archeological relics, combined with the research data of high resolution strata and palaeoclimate, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of Early Holocene cultures in Hebei and Beijing-Tianjin area, as well as the topography and climate factors affecting the site distribution. The Early Mid-Holocene cultural time series in this area are: Early Neolithic culture (10,000 ~ 8,800 yr BP), Neolithic cultural lack (~ 8,800 ~ 7,300 yr BP), 7,300 ~ 6,500 yr BP Xinglongwa, a period of concurrent development of the three major cultural systems of North Fudi and a pre-Yang Shaohua period of 6,500 to 6,000 yr BP. A comparison of cultural sequences and climate sequences reveals that cultural development is largely constrained by climatic conditions. From the perspective of cultural distribution space, it has the following characteristics: First, the cultural distribution of Early-Middle Holocene was in an arc-shaped zone parallel to the coastline at that time, and the distribution pattern was related to the climatic and geomorphological conditions. Excluding the terrain and transgression of high-impact areas, the Taihang Mountains to the ancient coastline between the arc to become the best choice. Second, from the point of view of the site distribution, the people still lived on the topography. The transgression and numerous lakes prevented the human being from stepping into the hinterland of the eastern plain.