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科学的庸俗化在马克思时代已经很严重,马克思科学研究的着力点就在于批判资产阶级经济学的庸俗化。然而长期以来,马克思的科学方法论并没有得到很好的理解,一些与马克思根本不相容的观点以科学的名义在马克思主义中大行其道,导致马克思主义理论自身的种种困境。大量文献表明,在传统经验科学意义上理解马克思主义理论的科学性,是导致马克思主义理论庸俗化的重要原因。科学哲学家波普尔意识到,靠再多的“证明”也说明不了马克思主义理论的科学性,其精神实质是反对马克思主义教条化。但是在这一过程中波普尔同样没有看到马克思对传统经验科学的超越,引发了马克思主义理论阐释中的新一轮庸俗化浪潮。
The vulgarization of science has become very serious in the era of Marxism. The focus of Marxist scientific research lies in the criticism of the vulgarization of bourgeois economics. However, for a long time, Marx’s scientific methodology has not been well understood. Some views that are incompatible with Marx are popular in Marxism in the name of science, leading to the predicament of Marxist theory itself. A large number of literatures show that the scientific understanding of Marxist theory in the scientific sense of traditional experience is the important reason that leads to the vulgarization of Marxist theory. Popper, a philosopher of science, realized that relying on more “proofs” can not explain the scientific nature of Marxist theory and its essence is to oppose the dogmatization of Marxism. However, in the process, Popper also did not see Marx’s surpassing of traditional empirical science, which triggered a new wave of vulgarization in the interpretation of Marxist theory.