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一、影响林冠截留降水数量的因子 (一)降水量和林冠截留:截留要有降水才能产生,亦随降水量的大小而发生数量上的变化。一般来说,降水量大时截留量大,但二者非直线关系。如以截留率(相对截留量,即截留量占降水量的百分数)表示,则截留率不是一个常数,而是随着降水量的增加逐渐减少。图1为黑龙江省五营地区天然红松阔叶林1962年10月至1965年9月逐月的降水量和逐月的林冠截留率的统计关系图。从图上可以看出,降水量大的月份,截留率较小,二者关系相当密切。如果按逐次降水进行统计,也可以看出截留量与降水量的这种类似关系。图2由同一地点1963年-1965年夏逐次降雨截留的观测资料点聚而成。图2中以I表示截留量,x表示降水量,I/x表示截留率。显然可以看出图中的点所表示的曲线,既不满足I=常数(虚线),也不满足I/x=常数(断线),而是介于二者之间。
First, the factors affecting the number of interception of precipitation in the canopy (a) Precipitation and canopy interception: interception of precipitation to produce, but also with the size of the precipitation occurred in the number of changes. In general, large amount of precipitation when large precipitation, but the two non-linear relationship. If the interception rate (relative interception, that is, the percentage of interception of precipitation), then the interception rate is not a constant, but gradually decreases with increasing precipitation. Figure 1 shows the statistical relationship between monthly precipitation and monthly canopy rejection rate of natural Korean pine broad-leaved forest in Wuying area of Heilongjiang Province from October 1962 to September 1965. It can be seen from the figure that in the month with large precipitation, the rejection rate is small, and the relationship between the two is quite close. If you press precipitation statistics, you can also see the interception and precipitation of this similar relationship. Figure 2 is composed of observed data of successive rainfall interceptions in the same place from 1963 to summer 1965. In Figure 2 I said interception, x said precipitation, I / x said rejection. Obviously it can be seen that the curve represented by the points in the graph neither satisfies the I = constant (dashed line) nor the I / x = constant (broken line), but is in between.