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在沙乌地阿拉伯的一次由A族脑膜炎奈瑟氏球菌引起的脑膜炎暴发流行期间,研究人员对口服利福平和肌注头孢三嗪预防家庭成员之间感染的效果进行了随机对照比较。选择347名有脑膜炎密切接触史者。其中179人接受头孢三嗪,168人接受利福平。头孢三嗪一次应用,成人250mg肌注,15岁以下者125mg肌注。利福平600mg口服,每日2次,共两天。用药前与用药后一和二周分别用咽拭子取菌样培养检验。实验结果,用药后一周的咽部奈瑟氏球菌根除率,头孢三嗪组为97%,利福平组为75%(p=0.001);
During a meningitis outbreak in Saudi Arabia caused by Neisseria meningitidis A, the researchers compared the efficacy of oral rifampin and intramuscular ceftriaxone to prevent infection among family members. Choose 347 who have a history of close contact with meningitis. Of these, 179 received ceftriaxone and 168 received rifampicin. Once ceftriaxone application, adult 250mg intramuscular injection, 125mg intramuscular injection of 15 years of age. Rifampicin 600mg orally, 2 times a day for a total of two days. One and two weeks before and after treatment, respectively, with throat swabs take bacteria culture test. The experimental results showed that the Neisseria pharyngis eradication rate was 97% in the ceftriaxone group and 75% in the rifampicin group (p = 0.001) one week after treatment.