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以农业废弃物牛粪为生物基质,与油泥废弃物按照质量1:1混合为3m×3m×0.35m的大型堆肥和1m×0.5m×0.35m的小型堆肥,采用现场堆肥法研究了牛粪对石油烃各组分、生物毒性和微生物多样性变化的影响。结果表明:堆肥初始C/N为26.4,随着堆肥时间的延长,整体呈下降趋势,处理后小型堆肥的C/N为18.4,大型堆肥样品的C/N为18.5,堆体均达到了腐熟;小型堆肥处理堆至115d后,总石油烃(TPH)降解率达到22.96%;石油烃各组分中饱和烃在堆肥过程中呈减少的趋势;芳香烃在大型堆肥下整体呈升高趋势,小型堆肥下则出现先上升后下降的趋势;发芽指数结果显示,堆肥样品在开始有较大的生物毒性,堆肥过程中发芽指数升高,堆肥结束后由发芽指数得出两种处理方式下的堆肥产物均达到腐熟;由变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)图谱和图谱聚类分析得出,随着堆肥时间的延长,微生物群落也发生了较大的变化。大型堆肥与小型堆肥之间石油烃降解性的差异可能是不同堆肥体积对微生物群落多样性有较大影响所致。
Using cow manure as bio-substrate and large-scale composting 1m × 3m × 0.35m and small-scale compost 1m × 0.5m × 0.35m mixed with cement sludge according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, cow dung Effects of various components of petroleum hydrocarbons, biological toxicity and microbial diversity. The results showed that the initial C / N ratio of compost was 26.4, with the composting time prolonging, the overall declining trend was that C / N of small compost was 18.4 and C / N of large compost sample was 18.5, . The total degradation rate of TPH reached 22.96% after the small composting treatment to 115 days. The saturated hydrocarbons in all components of petroleum hydrocarbon tended to decrease in the process of composting. The aromatic hydrocarbons tended to increase under the large-scale compost, The results showed that the composting samples started to have greater biological toxicity at the beginning, and the germination index increased during the composting process. After the compost was finished, the germination index obtained two treatments The compost products all reached maturity. According to the DGGE and cluster analysis, the microbial communities also changed greatly with the compost time increasing. The difference in petroleum hydrocarbon degradability between large-scale compost and small-scale compost may be due to the large influence of different composting volumes on the diversity of microbial communities.