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目的探讨低龄幼儿先天性心脏病术后饮水进食的时间,为手术后患儿尽早进食提供依据。方法选取2013年6-12月在我院行房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损修补术的患儿204例,随机分为对照组和观察组。对照组在撤离呼吸机后4~6h开始少量试饮水,无呛咳则给予流质饮食;观察组患儿在撤离呼吸机后,根据患儿需要,如有哭闹立即给予少量温开水,如无呛咳、呕吐、恶心,则给予流质饮食。比较两组患儿撤离呼吸机后进饮、进食时间及呛咳、恶心、呕吐、哭闹的发生率和应用镇静药的频率。结果观察组患儿撤机后饮水、进食时间显著提前(P<0.01),两组呛咳、恶心、呕吐发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患儿应用镇静药的频率明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论低龄幼儿先天性心脏病手术撤离呼吸机后,根据患儿需要及早饮水和进食是可行的,可缓解患儿术后不适,有利于营养的供给,对于患儿早日康复有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the drinking time of postoperative drinking water for congenital heart disease in young children and provide the basis for the children to eat as soon as possible after operation. Methods Totally 204 children with ASD and VSD in our hospital from June to December in 2013 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. In the control group, a small amount of test water was given 4 to 6 hours after evacuation of the ventilator, and the liquid diet was given without choking. After withdrawal of the ventilator, children in the observation group were given a small amount of warm water according to their needs, Choke cough, vomiting, nausea, then give liquid food. After two groups of children were evacuated from the ventilator into the drink, eating time and cough, nausea, vomiting, the incidence of crying and the frequency of sedatives. Results The children in the observation group had significantly improved drinking water intake and weaning time (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of cough, nausea and vomiting between the two groups (P> 0.05). In the observation group, sedation drug The frequency was significantly lower than the control group (P <0.01). Conclusions It is feasible to treat infants with early postoperative discomfort and nutritional supply according to their need of early drinking and feeding after withdrawing the ventilator from children with congenital heart disease. It is of great significance for early recovery of children.