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目的了解沈阳市家长对学龄前儿童视力的关注程度和对视力保健知识的认知情况,为寻找相应的健康教育重点内容和正确方式提供依据。方法随机整群抽取沈阳市9所幼儿园,自行设计问卷,调查了解家长对儿童视力的关注程度及对儿童视力保健知识的认知水平等情况。结果 90%以上的被调查家长知晓孩子视力水平或者是否应该配镜,与不知晓家长比例差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 509.9和3 004.9,P均<0.01);观察到孩子有歪头/皱眉头看东西、频繁眨眼/揉眼睛、主诉视物不清、睡觉时开灯等视力异常表现或不良用眼卫生习惯的家长与不关注的家长所占比例差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为3 789.9,4 321.9,5 025.0和4 280.5,P均<0.01);家长均能列举1种及以上利于视神经发育的食物和有害儿童视力的用眼习惯,应对儿童视力不良的措施回答正确的比例与回答错误的比例差异有统计学意义(χ2=3041.9,P<0.01)。结论沈阳市家长对学龄前儿童的视力问题关注程度较高,对儿童视力保健相关常识知晓程度较好,但对学龄前视力低下儿童的重视程度不够,今后应加强家长对儿童常见眼病的科普教育工作。
Objective To understand the parents’ attention to visual acuity in preschool children and their cognition of visual acuity knowledge in order to find out the corresponding key points of health education and the correct way. Methods A total of 9 kindergartens in Shenyang were selected randomly from a cluster. The questionnaires were designed to investigate the parents’ attention to children’s vision and their cognition of children’s visual acuity. Results More than 90% of the parents surveyed knew their children’s visual acuity or whether they should have glasses or not, and there was a significant difference in the proportion of parents who did not know them (χ2 = 2 509.9 and 3 004.9, P <0.01) Frowning to see things, frequent blink / rubbing eyes, the main complaint was unclear, turn on the lights while sleeping, abnormal visual acuity or poor eye health habits of parents and parents did not notice the proportion of difference was statistically significant (χ2 3 789.9, 4 321.9, 5 025.0 and 4 280.5 respectively, P <0.01). Parents can list one or more of the habits of eyes and children with visual acuity, The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 3041.9, P <0.01). Conclusion Parents in Shenyang have a higher level of attention on preschool children’s visual acuity. They are more aware of common sense of visual acuity in children, but not enough on pre-school preschool children with poor visual acuity. jobs.