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目的为临床开展神经内镜下经纵裂胼胝体侧脑室入路到达侧脑室及第三脑室手术提供应用解剖学基础。方法对10例成人尸头标本经纵裂胼胝体前部侧脑室入路在神经内镜下观察侧脑室、第三脑室结构并测量数据。结果 (1)胼胝体厚度(6.1±1.2)mm,室间孔长、宽径为(5.6±1.4)mm、(3.0±1.6)mm,中间块长、宽径(6.3±1.8)mm、(3.4±1.2)mm(;2)冠状缝前5cm引流静脉很少(;3)神经内镜观察侧脑室前角、侧脑室体部及室间孔的Y形结构,且可以通过室间孔进入第三脑室,进行较好的暴露和观察;(4)胼胝体切开1.5 cm,硬质内镜操作空间和观察范围受限,胼胝体切开2.0 cm时,适合神经内镜操作和观察。结论经纵裂胼胝体前部侧脑室入路按生理间隙进入,操作距离短,内镜直接指向室间孔,可同时显露对侧脑室,是处理双侧脑室、室间孔区及第三脑室病变的理想入路。
Objective To provide the anatomical basis for the clinical application of neuroendoscopy to reach the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle through the approach of the lateral fissure of the corpus callosum. Methods Ten cases of adult cadaveric head were transected into the anterior lateral ventricle of the corpus callosum to observe the structure of the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle under endoscopy and to measure the data. Results The thickness of the corpus callosum was (6.1 ± 1.2) mm, the length of the interventricular septum was (5.6 ± 1.4) mm, (3.0 ± 1.6) mm, the length of the middle block was 6.3 ± 1.8 mm ± 1.2) mm (; 2) Drainage veins less than 5 cm before coronary suture (; 3) Endoscopic anterior horn, lateral ventricle body and interventricular foramen of Y-shaped structures were observed by endoscopy, Third ventricle, better exposure and observation; (4) corpus callosum incision 1.5 cm, hard endoscopic operating space and the scope of the observation, corpus callosum incision 2.0 cm, suitable for endoscopic manipulation and observation. Conclusions The longitudinal approach of the anterior lateral ventricles of the corpus callosum into the physiological space, the operating distance is short, the endoscope directly points to the interventricular foramen, simultaneously exposing the contralateral ventricle, is to deal with bilateral ventricle, ventricular septal and third ventricle lesions The ideal route.