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人参(Panax ginseng C. A. Mey)是五加科植物,我国栽培已有三百余年历史。辽宁、吉林、黑龙江等省有大量栽培,河北、山西、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、湖北等省也有种植。由于长期栽培和人工选育的结果,在形态特征和生物学特性等方面,常分离形成各种类型。通过在吉林省抚松、靖宇、辑安和辽宁省本溪、宽甸、桓仁等县调查,根据参根和根茎的形态有以下一些类型。大马牙根茎及主茎短而粗,肩头齐,粗侧根少,须根多,呈刷子状。6年生参根,含人参总皂甙3.47％、人参二醇2.7％、人参三醇0.33％、齐墩果酸为0.17—0.50％。
Panax ginseng C. A. Mey is a plant belonging to the genus Gracilis and has been cultivated in China for more than three hundred years. Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other provinces have a large number of cultivation, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Hubei and other provinces also have planting. Due to long-term cultivation and artificial breeding results, morphological characteristics and biological characteristics, etc., often separated from the formation of various types. Through the investigation in Fusong, Jingyu, Ji’an in Jilin Province and Benxi, Kuandian and Huanren counties in Liaoning Province, there are some types according to the morphology of roots and rhizomes. Malaysia horseradish roots and stems short and thick, shoulders Qi, rough side of the root less, fibrous roots, was brush-like. 6-year-old root, containing ginseng saponin 3.47%, 2.7% of ginseng diol, ginseng triol 0.33%, oleanolic acid 0.17-0.50%.