术前核磁共振检查(MRI)预测直肠癌环周切缘是否阳性,可以用于筛选新辅助治疗患者及指导手术,许多研究均试图对其预测的准确性进行评估。本研究的目的是探讨这些研究是否最终可以给出一个明确的答案。结果发现,纳入研究患者的代表性、MRI及和组织学对切缘的定义、外科医生和病理科医生对核磁共振结果未进行盲法分析、新辅助治疗的效果及和研究纳入的患者数目均对这些研究结果的效能有影响。本研究的结论为:因为方法学的缺陷,这些研究结果均不能为术前MRI预测直肠癌环周切缘阳性提供有效证据。尽管MRI可能可以发现肿瘤是否扩散至直肠系膜、筋膜和(或)直肠括约肌层面,但 Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts whether the rectal cancer margin is positive and can be used to screen patients for neoadjuvant treatment and guide surgery. Many studies have attempted to assess the accuracy of their predictions. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether these studies can ultimately give a definitive answer. The results found that the representativeness of the patients included in the study, the definition of the margins by MRI and histology, the absence of blinded analysis of MRI results by surgeons and pathologists, the effect of neoadjuvant treatment, and the number of patients enrolled in the study There is an impact on the efficacy of these findings. The conclusion of this study was that because of the methodological deficiencies, these findings did not provide valid evidence for preoperative MRI prediction of positive margins in the rectal cancer. Although MRI may reveal whether the tumor has spread to the mesorectum, fascia, and/or rectal sphincter