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在地球物理问题中,有两种方法通常用于解释地磁和地电异常,这就是数字模型技术和实验室模拟模型法。实验室模拟模型对于分析不易求得数学解的问题非常有用,并且已经广泛用于研究复杂的地球物理问题。本文评述了国外特别是加拿大开展模拟模型研究的情况;描述了平面波、线电流、磁偶极等各种类型的场源模型;给出了该法在研究海岸效应、岛陆通道电流、海浪电磁效应和各向异性导体等方面的应用。模拟模型测量和数字计算的比较结果显示了非常好的一致性,这就进一步证实了模拟模型法对于研究复杂二维和三维感应问题的可靠性。该项研究工作对于了解天然电磁场源的性质、进行地球物理勘探以及研究地球地壳和地幔的电性结构都十分有益。
In geophysical issues, there are two methods commonly used to explain geomagnetic and geoelectric anomalies, which are digital modeling techniques and laboratory simulation modeling methods. Laboratory simulation models are useful for analyzing problems that are not easily solved by mathematical solutions and have been used extensively to study complex geophysical issues. This paper reviews the research on simulation model abroad, especially in Canada. It describes various types of field source models such as plane wave, line current, magnetic dipole and so on. Effects and anisotropic conductors and other aspects of the application. The results of the comparison between simulation model measurements and numerical calculations show very good agreement, further confirming the reliability of the simulation model method for the study of complex two- and three-dimensional induction problems. This research project is very useful for understanding the nature of natural electromagnetic field sources, conducting geophysical prospecting and studying the electrical structures of the earth’s crust and mantle.