目的:分析就诊于西京医院的儿童畸胎瘤的临床及病理特征。方法:2006年1月至2015年12月就诊于西京医院经病理科证实为畸胎瘤的159例病例进行统计分析。结果:发病患儿女性(78.5%)多于男性(21.5%),男女之比约1:3.5,成熟型畸胎瘤的发病率(89.9%)远高于未成熟型畸胎瘤(7.5%)。发病部位以卵巢(66.7%)最为常见,其次为椎管、骶尾部、颅内,且发生于椎管的畸胎瘤均为成熟型畸胎瘤。结论:该组病例儿童畸胎瘤以女性多见,且10岁以后发病显著增加,15~18岁达到高峰,且以成熟型畸胎瘤多见,卵巢是其最常见发病部位。该肿瘤虽多为成熟型,但只有病理科医师广泛取材才可能发现恶性病变,儿科医师应予以重视。 Objective: To analyze the clinical and pathological features of teratoma in children in Xijing Hospital. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2015, 159 cases of teratoma confirmed by pathology department in Xijing Hospital were analyzed statistically. Results: The incidence of mature teratoma was 89.5%, which was significantly higher than that of immature teratoma (7.5%) in children with onset (78.5%) than in men (21.5% ). The incidence of ovarian parts (66.7%) the most common, followed by the spinal canal, sacrococcygeal, intracranial, and occurred in the spinal canal teratoma are mature teratoma. Conclusion: The teratoma in this group of patients is more common in women, and the incidence increased significantly after the age of 10, 15 to 18 years to reach the peak, and more common in mature teratoma, ovarian is its most common site of disease. Although the tumor is mostly mature, but only a wide range of pathological physicians may find malignant lesions, pediatricians should pay attention.