从事系统训练的运动员,在青少年时代就开始接受全面的身体素质和专项技术的训练。这种严格的、有时甚至是超生理负担量的专门训练是否对运动员日后的健康带来不利的影响,此类研究报导甚少。本文通过对进入中老年期退役运动员身体形态和心血管状况的调查,旨在了解早年系统训练对运动员健康的远期影响,以便提出有针对性的保健措施。 Athletes engaged in systematic training began to receive full-scale physical training and special skills training in adolescence. Whether this kind of strict and sometimes even super-physiological burden of specialized training adversely affects the athlete’s future health has rarely been reported. In this paper, the investigation of the body shape and cardiovascular status of retired athletes entering the middle and old age aims to understand the long-term impact of early systematic training on the health of athletes in order to propose targeted health care measures.