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目的分析听力筛查未通过婴幼儿的客观听力学特征,为早期干预提供科学依据。方法对听力筛查未通过患儿286例进行听力诊断性检查。采用听性脑干反应(ABR)、40 Hz听觉相关电位(40 Hz-AERP)、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)、声导抗进行评估。结果 286例婴幼儿中双耳听力正常95例(33.22%);听力损失者191例(66.78%),其中单耳听力损失70例(24.47%),双耳听力损失121(42.31%);传导性听力损失59例(20.63%),感音神经性听力损失132例(46.15%);轻度听力损失91例(31.82%),中度43例(15.03%),重度20例(6.99%),极重度37例(12.94%)。191例听力异常者只有16例复查,占8.38%,复查结果:听力正常2例,双耳听力损失10例,单耳听力损失4例。结论部分听力筛查未通过婴幼儿的听力可随着听觉神经系统发育的完善恢复正常;同时中耳病变也是部分婴幼儿听力筛查未通过的影响因素;客观听力学组合测试可有效评估听力筛查未通过患儿的听力特征,为听力损失的早期诊断、早期干预提供科学依据;听力异常患儿的复查率低和失访率高仍是目前亟需解决的问题。
Objective To analyze the objective audiological features of hearing screening without passing through infants and young children and provide a scientific basis for early intervention. Methods A hearing screening test was performed in 286 children without hearing screening. Auditory brainstem response (ABR), 40 Hz auditory-related potential (40 Hz-AERP), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and acoustic impedance were evaluated. Results Among 286 infants and young children, 95 cases (33.22%) had normal hearing of both ears and 191 cases (66.78%) of hearing loss, of which 70 cases (24.47%) had hearing loss in single ear and 121% (42.31% There were 59 cases (20.63%) with hearing loss, 132 cases (46.15%) with sensorineural hearing loss, 91 cases (31.82%) with mild hearing loss, 43 cases with moderate hearing loss (15.03% , Extremely severe in 37 cases (12.94%). 191 cases of hearing loss only 16 cases of review, accounting for 8.38%, the review results: normal hearing in 2 cases, 10 cases of binaural hearing loss, hearing loss in 4 cases. Conclusions Some hearing tests failed to pass the hearing of infants and young children can be recovered with the sound development of the auditory nervous system back to normal; the same time, middle ear lesions are part of infant and young child hearing screening failed to influence factors; objective audiology test can effectively assess the hearing screening Check the hearing characteristics of children without hearing, for early diagnosis of hearing loss, early intervention to provide a scientific basis; children with hearing loss and the low rate of follow-up is still a problem to be solved.