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一、在建立社会主义市场经济体制中对国有企业的地位和作用的认识对国有企业进行改革,首先要正确地评价国有企业。我国的国有企业经过改革要建立现代企业制度,并不是对国有企业的根本否定。因为,①我们要建立的是有中国特色的社会主义市场经济。我国的以公有制为基础的社会主义市场经济,在现实世界市场经济类型中是独一无二的。与此相适应的有中国特色的现代企业制度,也是仅在中国存在。党中央一再强调要搞活国有大中型企业。这是因为:我国的国有企业是整个国民经济的主导部分,是我国综合经济实力的主要体现。国有企业特别是在交通、通信、金融、国防工业等方面处于绝对支配地位。③从整体上(而不是单个企业)看,国有企业的效益并不低于其他经济成份的企业。从十多年改革的实践中我们看到:国有企业在不平
I. Understanding of the Status and Role of State-owned Enterprises in Establishing a Socialist Market Economic System To reform state-owned enterprises, we must first correctly evaluate state-owned enterprises. The reform of state-owned enterprises in China requires the establishment of a modern enterprise system, which is not a fundamental negation of state-owned enterprises. Because, 1 we must establish a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. Our socialist market economy based on public ownership is unique in the real world market economy. The modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics suited to this is also only existing in China. The Party Central Committee has repeatedly stressed the need to invigorate state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises. This is because: China’s state-owned enterprises are the dominant part of the entire national economy and are the main embodiment of China’s overall economic strength. State-owned enterprises are in absolute control, especially in the areas of transportation, communications, finance, and defense industries. 3 As a whole (rather than a single enterprise), the benefits of state-owned enterprises are not lower than those of other economic components. From the practice of more than a decade of reforms, we have seen that: state-owned enterprises are not balanced.