论文部分内容阅读
三江平原是黑龙江省东北部由冲积平原和低山组成的广袤区域,它是中国和东亚最大的一片湿地.三江平原现有28个湿地保护区,其中3个被列为Ramsar公约有重要国际影响的湿地.三江平原湿地具有丰富的生物多样性,但随着近年来开发的加剧,三江平原湿地的面积不断缩小,湿地的质量逐步恶化.本文在阐述了三江平原湿地现状的同时,对湿地面临的主要威胁、退化的主要原因以及亟待解决的问题做了深入的分析,同时提出了改善流域的管理、加强湿地生境与生物多样性的保护与恢复、改变湿地周边地区居民的生活方式及强化湿地保护的能力建设等4个方面保护三江平原湿地的有效措施.“,”The Sanjiang Plain is a vast area of alluvial floodplains and low hills in northeast Heilongjiang Province. It is the largest tract of wetlands in China and East Asia outside of Siberia. 28 wetland nature reserves exist on the Sanjiang Plain, and three of them have been listed as wetlands of international importance to water bird conservation by the Ramsar Convention Bureau. The wetlands of Sanjiang Plain are noteworthy for its rich biodiversity, but they continue to decline in area and deteriorate in quality currently. The main threats or constrains, immediate cause, root cause and required response are analyzed in this paper, and the four aspects opinion such as improvement of watershed management, enhancement of protection and restoration of habitats and biodiversity, alternative livelihoods of rural residents living in and near natural wetland reserve, and reinforcement of capacity building of natural reserves are brought forward as the effective measures for the Sanjiang Plain wetland protection.