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目的:了解高中学生结核病防治知识知晓率水平及不同干预效果,为全区学生人群结核病防治宣教工作提供基线数据和决策依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法抽取婺城区某高中1 214名学生进行结核病防治知识及宣教干预效果的问卷调查。结果:学生结核病防治有关知识的来源渠道主要是张贴画、网络、卫生宣教和学校,分别占了19.2%、42.3%、14.9%和14.1%。学生12项结核病防治知识的知晓率,干预前为38.4%,干预后为69.7%,学生各项结核病防治知识知晓率在干预实施前后比较差异有统计学意义。不同宣教干预方法中,效果最明显的是学校讲座、宣传画和网络,电视、报纸杂志书刊、广播等干预措施未见明显效果。结论:应在学生人群中,采取讲座、张贴宣传画等学生喜闻乐见的方式,加大结核病防治知识的宣教力度,提高学生的结核病防治知识知晓率和对肺结核的预防保护意识。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the level of awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control among high school students and the effect of different interventions, and to provide baseline data and decision-making basis for TB prevention and treatment in the entire district. Methods: A total of 1 214 students from a senior high school in Wucheng district were sampled by cluster sampling method to conduct questionnaires on tuberculosis prevention and treatment and intervention effects. Results: The main sources of knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and control for students are posters, internet, health education and schools, accounting for 19.2%, 42.3%, 14.9% and 14.1% respectively. The awareness rate of 12 TB prevention and control knowledge among students was 38.4% before intervention and 69.7% after intervention. The awareness of TB knowledge among students was significantly different before and after intervention. Among the different methods of intervention in education, the most obvious ones are school lectures, posters and networks, television, newspapers and periodicals, radio and other interventions with no obvious effect. Conclusion: In the student population, we should adopt lectures, posters and other student-friendly ways to increase awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control, raise awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control and awareness of tuberculosis prevention and protection among students.