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基于Moir啨效应和Ｆｒｅｓｎｅｌ衍射理论 ,提出和分析了一种新的诊断光束空间特性的方法 ,特别适合于X射线激光 .仅通过一发次测量即可获得光束质量M2 因子 ,等效波面半径 ,束宽 ,远场发散角 ,束腰位置和腰斑半径等一系列重要的光束参量 ,同时还可评价光束的空间相干性及其随光束传播的演化 .数值模拟验证了该方法的有效性 .这个新颖的Moir啨测量技术为实验上全面诊断Ｘ射线激光空间特性开辟了一条切实可行的途径 .
Based on the Moir 啨 effect and the Fresnel diffraction theory, a new method for diagnosing the spatial characteristics of a beam is proposed and analyzed, which is especially suitable for X-ray laser. The M2 factor of the beam quality, the equivalent wave radius, Beam width, far-field divergence angle, waist position and lumbar radius, and so on. At the same time, the spatial coherence of the beam and its evolution with beam propagation can be evaluated. Numerical simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed method. This novel Moiré measurement technique opens up a practical way to experimentally diagnose the spatial characteristics of X-ray lasers.