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近年来,小型砌块建筑在我国发展很快,然而,在一些小型砌块建筑中,目前还存在问题,其中比较严重并影响到砌块建筑使用功能的是墙体的开裂。而且国内从事这方面工作的人普遍认为:在设计正确、构造合理、基础不沉陷的情况下,小型砌块砌筑墙体开裂的主要原因是由于温度变化所引起的。据有关资料报道,各地建造的小型砌块建筑,墙体裂纹开裂形状和出现的部位亦有差异,有些在建筑物顶层出现阶梯状裂纹,或在东西墙处出现对角线裂纹,有些出现在底层窗台下,一般在窗洞口中间沿灰缝呈齿形开展。
In recent years, small block buildings have developed rapidly in China. However, in some small block buildings, there are still some problems. Among them, the cracking of the walls is serious and affects the function of the block building. In addition, people working in this field generally believe that the main reason for the cracking of small block masonry walls is due to temperature changes in the case of correct design, reasonable construction, and the fact that the foundation does not sink. According to relevant information, there are differences in the shape and appearance of cracks in small block-buildings built in various places. Some of them have step cracks on the top of buildings or diagonal cracks at the east and west walls. Below the bottom sill, generally in the middle of the window hole, a tooth profile is formed along the mortar seam.