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为了评价和筛选优良马尾松种质资源,对3块已达主伐年龄(27、28、29 a)的马尾松半同胞子代测定林生长及形质性状进行分析和遗传评估。结果表明:各子代测定林生长和形质性状在家系间差异均达显著或极显著水平,家系的树高、胸径、材积、冠幅、枝下高受中度或中度以上遗传控制,具有很强的家系及家系内单株选择潜力;遗传和表型变异系数以材积最大,胸径居中,树高较小。性状间表型和遗传相关分析表明,树高、胸径、材积之间呈强度遗传和表型正相关关系,冠幅、枝下高与各生长性状间呈中等偏上的正相关。利用多性状综合选择指数法评选出21个马尾松优良家系,其平均树高、胸径和材积分别为14.05 m、17.07 cm和0.157 6 m~3,平均遗传增益分别为7.65%、12.33%和39.21%。利用家系-单株联合选择法评选出54个优良单株,其平均树高、胸径和材积分别达到15.53 m、24.98 cm和0.341 4 m~3,平均遗传增益为13.61%、44.95%和164.98%。试验结果可为西南地区马尾松种子园定向培育供应良种,也可用于选择高世代种子园的建园材料。
In order to evaluate and screen elite Pinus massoniana germplasm resources, the growth and morphological traits of three provenances of Pinus massoniana were determined and analyzed for their genetic predisposition for the three main ages of cutting (27, 28, 29 a). The results showed that there was significant or extremely significant difference in the growth and the quality traits in each progeny. The tree height, breast diameter, volume, crown width and branch height of the pedigree were controlled by moderate or moderate genetic control, Has a strong family and family lineage selection potential; genetic and phenotypic coefficient of variation to the largest volume, diameter at center, smaller tree height. The phenotypic and genetic correlations between the traits showed that there was a positive correlation between tree height, breast diameter and volume, and the correlation between crown height, branch height and each growth trait was moderately upward. The average tree height, breast diameter and volume were 14.05 m, 17.07 cm and 0.157 6 m ~ 3, respectively. The average genetic gain was 7.65%, 12.33% and 39.21 respectively %. The average tree height, breast diameter and volume reached 15.53 m, 24.98 cm and 0.341 4 m ~ 3, respectively. The average genetic gain was 13.61%, 44.95% and 164.98% . The results of the experiment can be used to orient and cultivate the superior seed orchard in Masson pine seed orchard in Southwest China.