人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)是疱疹病毒科中最大的病毒,结构复杂,其感染在人群中非常普遍,近年来免疫妥协(immunocompromised)群体尤其是移植群体中的HCMV潜伏感染和激活感染越来越受到临床重视。本文就HCMV的感染与免疫、HCMV的致病机制、宿主的抗感染与免疫、HCMV的免疫逃逸、HCMV的潜伏与激活及HCMV相关研究的困境与展望近年来此方面研究新进展作一简要综述。 Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), the largest virus in the herpes simplex virus family, is complex in structure and its infection is very common in the population. In recent years HCMV in immunocompromised populations, especially in transplant populations, has become increasingly infected Received clinical attention. In this paper, a brief overview of recent advances in research on HCMV infection and immunity, pathogenesis of HCMV, host anti-infection and immune, immune escape of HCMV, latent and activation of HCMV and HCMV related research .