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IntroductionrnCavitation and multiphase flow is one of paramount topics of fluid mechanics with many applications in engineering covering a broad range of topics, e.g., hydraulic machinery, biomedical engineering, chemical and process industry. In order to improve the performances of engineering facilities (e.g. hydraulic turbines) and to accelerate the development of techniques for medical treatment of serious diseases (e.g. tumours), it is essential to improve our understanding of multiphase and cavitation flows. For example, the present development towards the erosion control and higher efficiency of the hydraulic systems (e.g. space engine, propeller, hydraulic machinery system) often requires that the systems run in cavitating conditions, and that the risk of cavitation erosion needs to be controlled.