引言:主流以外二十世纪中国思想文化领域的公害之一,是把复杂的问题简化为二元对立的黑白归类,从而演绎出一系列“站队”式的划分标准。诸如进步与落后,革新与保守,现代与传统,左倾与右顷,革命与反动等等。它的直接后果是驱使不少知识分子陷于“顺从——对抗”的两极模式中不能自拔。这种现象对知识分子的思想方法和精神生产,是一种可怕 Introduction: One of the public nuisances in the field of Chinese ideology and culture outside the mainstream is the simplification of complex issues into the binary opposition of binary opposition, thus deducing a series of “standing team” -type divisions. Such as progress and backwardness, innovation and conservatism, modernity and tradition, left-leaning and right-handedness, revolution and reactionary and so on. Its immediate consequence is to drive many intellectuals into a “bipolar mode of compliance-confrontation” that can not extricate themselves. This phenomenon is terrible for the intellectual methods and spiritual production of intellectuals