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目的探讨应用纤维支气管镜术（纤支镜术）治疗肺结核病的疗效。方法将182例肺结核病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组采用纤支镜术加全身化疗，对照组只进行全身化疗。结果（1）治疗组及对照组治疗有效率分别为46．8％、13．3％（P＜0．01）；（2）支气管结核并肺不张治疗组及对照组治疗有效率分别为72％、32％（P＜0．01）；（3）多耐药空洞型肺结核治疗组及对照组痰菌阴转率分别为90％、69％（P＜0.01），空洞闭合率分别为35％、9％（P＜0．01）。结论纤支镜术治疗肺结核病疗效显著，可作为一种新的治疗方法推广应用。
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of bronchofibroscopy (bronchoscopy) on pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods 182 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group with bronchoscopy plus systemic chemotherapy, the control group only systemic chemotherapy. Results (1) The effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 46.8% and 13.3% respectively (P <0.01); (2) The effective rates of treatment in bronchial tuberculosis and atelectasis group and control group were 72% and 32% respectively (P <0.01). (3) The sputum negative conversion rates in the multi-drug resistant tuberculosis group and the control group were 90% and 69% (P <0.01) 35%, 9% (P <0.01). Conclusions Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is effective in treating pulmonary tuberculosis and can be used as a new treatment.