由于采用传统方法繁殖的果树存在着众所周知的弊端,所以组织培养就成为人们致力研究的课题。不过木本果树情况比较复杂,难度较大,直至70年代才逐步发展起来。其中乔木果树更是近几年才在枇杷、苹果等少数树种上得到发展。一、果树组织培养快速育苗的主要原理其主要依据是植物细胞的全能性,即不同分化程度的活细胞,只要能满足它所需要的条件,就会恢复到年轻的胚性细胞状态(即脱分化)。进而分裂增殖。如果环境适宜,它又会进一步分化产生根、茎、叶等器官组织(即再分化),变成一个新的完整植株。细胞脱离母体后,要人工供给它所需的各种物质,包括大量、微量无机元素和必要的有机营养物以及适当的 Due to the well-known drawbacks of fruit trees that are propagated by traditional methods, tissue culture has become a subject of intense research. However, the woody fruit tree situation is more complicated and difficult, until 70 years before gradual development. Among them, arbor fruit trees are only developed in a few cases such as loquat and apple in recent years. First, the main principle of tissue culture rapid seedling raising Its main basis is the pluripotency of plant cells, that is, different degrees of differentiation of living cells, as long as it can meet the needs of the conditions it will return to young embryonic state (that is, off Differentiation). Then split proliferation. If the environment is suitable, it will further differentiate to produce roots, stems, leaves and other organs (ie, redifferentiation) into a new complete plant. After the cells are released from the mother’s body, it is necessary to artificially supply the various substances it needs, including a large amount of trace inorganic elements and necessary organic nutrients, as well as appropriate