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目的:了解上海市青浦区药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及一般规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:汇总2012-2013年我区14家公立医疗机构上报的1 510例ADR报告,按患者性别、年龄、给药途径、药品种类、累及器官或系统及临床表现等进行统计、分析。结果:ADR发生率在60岁以上患者中居首位,占34.04%,女性患者较男性多,分别占59.30%和40.70%;引发ADR的途径以静脉滴注给药为主,占80.70%,其中由抗菌药物引发的ADR最多,占74.04%;ADR累及器官或系统以皮肤及其附件损害最常见,占48.77%。结论:通过分析统计,应重视ADR的监测工作,尤其要重视合理使用抗菌药物及关注ADR的易发人群,以减少ADR的发生。
Objective: To understand the characteristics and general rules of adverse drug reaction (ADR) in Qingpu District of Shanghai and to provide a reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods: A total of 1 510 cases of ADR reported by 14 public medical institutions in our district from 2012 to 2013 were collected and analyzed according to patient’s sex, age, route of administration, type of drugs, organ or systemic and clinical manifestations involved. Results: The incidence of ADR was the highest in patients over 60 years old, accounting for 34.04%. There were more female patients than male ones, accounting for 59.30% and 40.70% respectively. The main route of ADR was intravenous drip, accounting for 80.70% Antibiotics caused the most ADR, accounting for 74.04%. The most common ADR involving organs and systems were skin and its accessories, accounting for 48.77%. Conclusion: Through the analysis of statistics, attention should be paid to the monitoring of ADR, with particular emphasis on rational use of antimicrobial agents and ADR-prone populations to reduce ADR.