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【目的】土壤中磷素供应不足是造成马尾松林地力衰退的原因之一。本研究对前期从马尾松根际土样中分离筛选出的一株解磷能力较强的嗜松青霉JP-NJ4的解无机磷及解有机磷能力进行探讨。【方法】探究嗜松青霉JP-NJ4对4种无机磷源及2种有机磷源的降解能力,并对其分泌的有机酸和酶类进行测定,对其解磷特性进行初步分析。【结果】表明JP-NJ4菌株可在4种不同无机磷源的培养基中生长,其中对磷酸钙[Ca3(PO4)2]的解磷效果最好,对4种磷源的解磷能力大小为:磷酸钙>磷酸铝>磷酸氢钙>磷酸铁;其分泌的有机酸种类主要为葡萄糖酸、草酸及丙二酸;JP-NJ4菌株的磷酸酶活性较高,并具有一定的植酸酶活性;同时对草甘膦具有较好的生物降解功能,降解率达49.6%。【结论】嗜松青霉JP-NJ4解磷能力受磷源的结构组成影响,且解磷能力与发酵液pH值呈负相关关系;该菌株分泌的葡萄糖酸和草酸对磷酸钙及磷酸铝的溶解效果较明显。本研究供试菌株嗜松青霉JP-NJ4具有良好的解磷功能,在作为林业生物菌肥方面具有极大的应用潜力。
【Objective】 The shortage of phosphorus in soil is one of the reasons for the decline of the soil fertility of Pinus massoniana. In this study, we explored the capability of inorganic phosphorus and organophosphorus solution of a strain of Penicillium pinophilum JP-NJ4, which was isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of Pinus massoniana in the early stage. 【Method】 The degradation of four kinds of inorganic phosphorus sources and two kinds of organic phosphorus sources by Penicillium pinophilum JP-NJ4 was studied. The organic acids and enzymes secreted by Penicillium pinophilum JP-NJ4 were determined. 【Result】 The results showed that JP-NJ4 strain could grow in medium of 4 kinds of inorganic phosphorus sources, among which, the effect of phosphate solubilization on calcium phosphate [Ca3 (PO4) 2] was the best, Is: calcium phosphate> aluminum phosphate> calcium hydrogen phosphate> iron phosphate; the main organic acids are gluconic acid, oxalic acid and malonic acid; and the strain JP-NJ4 has higher phosphatase activity and certain phytase Activity; while glyphosate has good biodegradation function, the degradation rate of 49.6%. 【Conclusion】 Penicillium pinophilum JP-NJ4 was affected by the structure and composition of phosphorus source, and the phosphorus-solubilizing ability was negatively correlated with the pH value of fermentation broth. The solubilization of calcium phosphate and aluminum phosphate by gluconate and oxalate secreted by this strain The effect is more obvious. The test strain Penicillium pinophilum JP-NJ4 has a good phosphate-solubilizing function and has great potential as a bio-fertilizer for forestry.