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微RNA－7（miR－7）是23个核苷酸长的非编码小分子RNA，其在多种肿瘤组织中的表达降低，与肿瘤生长、转移等密切相关。 miR－7作为一个肿瘤抑制因子，可抑制表皮生长因子受体、胰岛素样生长因子1受体等基因的表达，从而抑制肿瘤的发生、发展。此外，miR－7还能提高肿瘤对化疗的敏感性，并抑制肿瘤血管生成。 miR－7本身也受细胞内复杂机制的调控，其表达量变化及其对肿瘤的调控可为肿瘤的诊治提供新思路，具有良好的潜在临床应用前景。“,”MicroRNA-7(miR-7) is a 23-nucleartide small non-coding RNA whose expression is down-regulated in various cancers and has been linked to cancer growth as well as metastasis.Acting as a tumor suppressor,miR-7 can suppress tumor growth via inhibiting the expression of critical genes such as epidermal growth factor receptor,insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor.Meanwhile,miR-7 can also inhibit tumor angio-genesis and promote its sensitivity to chemotherapy.In addition,miR-7 itself is regulated by some complex intracellular mechanisms.Based on its changed expression and its role in regulating cancer development , miR-7 shows potential clinical applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy.