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目的 :研究某三级甲等医院普外科4种不同疾病住院患者的日常生活自理能力与护理工作负荷的相关性及动态变化过程。方法 :选择在某三级甲等医院普外科住院的4种不同疾病的患者217例,测量每例患者每天的直接护理项目工作频次、操作时间以及日常生活自理能力评分。结果 :4个病种的日常生活自理能力与直接护理工作时间呈负相关。4个单病种中直肠癌的护理工作负荷最大,其次为胃癌、胆囊结石、乳腺肿块。对患者不同住院阶段的护理工作负荷分析表明,手术日直接护理工作时数明显高于其他时间,备术日与术后第二天工作负荷相近,其后护理工作时数随入院天数的增加而递减,各病种呈现类似的时间趋势。结论 :患者日常生活自理能力是影响护理工作负荷的一个重要因素,提示护理管理者在护理人员配置时应予以充分考虑。
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation and dynamic change of daily living self-care ability and nursing workload of 4 inpatients with different diseases in general surgery of a third class hospital. Methods: Two hundred and seventy-seven patients with 4 different diseases who were hospitalized in the general surgery department at a tertiary level hospital were selected. The daily frequency, operation time and self-care ability score of daily nursing were measured in each patient. Results: The self-care ability of daily life of four kinds of diseases was negatively correlated with the time of direct nursing work. The rectal cancer nursing work load was the largest in 4 single diseases, followed by gastric cancer, gallstones and breast lumps. Analysis of nursing workload of patients in different stages of hospitalization showed that the number of direct nursing work hours on operation day was significantly higher than other time, the standby operation day was similar to the workload on the second day after operation, and the number of nursing work hours increased with the number of admission days Decreased, the disease showed a similar trend in time. Conclusion: The ability of daily living in patients is an important factor affecting the workload of nursing. It suggests that nursing managers should give full consideration to the configuration of nursing staff.