目的:了解浙江省人群腹泻病发病水平及与全国疾病监测系统报告数据一致性。方法:按PPS和分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取浙江省2个地市的8个社区和12个村的3月龄以上年龄人群,采用入户调查的方式收集人群基本人口学情况、腹泻病发病情况和就诊情况,对发病水平进行描述流行病学分析,并与全国传染病监测系统数据相比较。结果:浙江省人群腹泻病两周发病率为0.59%,年发病率为0.15次/人/年。夏秋季是5岁以下婴幼儿高发季节,冬春季是45岁以上中老年人高发季节,城乡两周发病率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.642,P=0.200),男女两周发病率差异亦无统计学意义(χ2=0.028,P=0.868),60岁以上年龄组和散居儿童是高发人群,两周发病率分别为0.88%和2.28%。人群调查的腹泻病发病率是同期同地区全国传染病监测系统报告发病率的2.48倍,差异有显著性意义(χ2=442.830,P=0.000)。结论:浙江省人群腹泻病发病率较低,散居儿童和老年人是高发人群,应给与更多关注,农村感染性腹泻漏报情况较多,应加强监测管理。 OBJECTIVE: To understand the incidence of diarrheal disease in Zhejiang Province and its consistency with the national disease surveillance system. Methods: PPS and stratified multistage cluster random sampling method were used to collect the population of 8 communities in 2 cities and districts of Zhejiang Province and 12 villages of 3 months of age or older, collect the basic demography of the population by means of household survey, The incidence and treatment of diarrheal diseases, epidemiological description of the level of the epidemiological analysis, and with the national infectious disease monitoring system data comparison. Results: The incidence of diarrhea in Zhejiang Province in two weeks was 0.59% and the annual incidence rate was 0.15 times / person / year. Summer and autumn are the infants and young children under 5 years of age. In winter and spring, the incidence of middle-aged and elderly people over the age of 45 was significantly higher than that of middle-aged and elderly people (χ2 = 1.642, P = 0.200) There was no significant difference (χ2 = 0.028, P = 0.868). The age group over 60 years old and the diaspora were the most frequent group. The two-week incidence was 0.88% and 2.28% respectively. The incidence of diarrheal diseases in the population survey was 2.48 times of that reported by the national infectious disease surveillance system in the same period, with significant difference (χ2 = 442.830, P = 0.000). Conclusion: The incidence of diarrheal diseases in Zhejiang province is relatively low. Diaspore children and the elderly are high risk population. More attention should be given to the incidence of diarrhea in rural areas. There is more omission in rural infectious diarrhea. Monitoring and management should be strengthened.